Acoustic holograms for both therapy and monitoring transcranial ultrasound

Abstract

When using holograms for cavitation-based therapeutic ultrasound, the acoustic focalspot may be misaligned with the passive cavitation detector (PCD) axis. We propose the use of 3D-printedacoustic lenses for both therapeutic and monitoring systems. First, an acoustic hologram is designed tosharply focus the therapeutic beam at an arbitrary target into the skull. Then, a second hologram is designedfor passive cavitation beamforming, i.e., to beamform the reception wavefront of the PCD with the targetlocation, and in this way cavitation emissions can be locally detected. Experiments with an ex-vivo macaqueskull and several blood vessel phantoms with microbubbles were conducted using a 500 kHz focusedtransducer and a confocal 3.5 MHz piezoelectric PCD. Results show that passive cavitation beamformingimproves sensitivity and aligns the response of the PCD with a therapeutic focus located off-axis. The retrievedcavitation doses using this approach show a similar dynamic than for on-axis targeting setup. When comparedto off-axis targeting, passive cavitation beamforming using holograms increases sensitivity to cavitationemissions, enabling precise, localized monitoring for therapeutic ultrasound. This method offers a cost-effective way to enhance the performance and monitoring of transcranial therapeutic ultrasound systems.

@inproceedings{JimenezJASA2025Holograms,
 author = {Noé Jiménez and Nathalie Lamothe and Diana Andrés and Alicia Carrión and José A. Pineda-Pardo and Alba Eroles-Simó and Víctor Vegas-Luque and María E. Pérez-Sirvent and Juan J. Rodríguez-García and José L. Alonso-Ramos and Francisco Camarena},
 booktitle = {ASA/ICA 2025: 188th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America joint with 25th International Congress on Acoustics. New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 18 - 23 May 2025},
 doi = {https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0037281},
 editor = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
 isbn = {ISSN: 0001-4966},
 month = {04},
 number = {4},
 organization = {Acoustical Society of America},
 pages = {A28},
 publisher = {AIP Publishing},
 series = {Invited},
 title = {Acoustic holograms for both therapy and monitoring transcranial ultrasound},
 url = {https://pubs.aip.org/asa/jasa/article/157/4_Supplement/A28/3354064/Acoustic-holograms-for-both-therapy-and-monitoring},
 volume = {157},
 year = {2025}
}